Na-ion battery model development and parameter measurement

Na-ion batteries are gaining traction due to the abundance of sodium. However, while graphite's behavior in Li-ion batteries is well-understood, the sodiation/desodiation processes in hard carbon (SEI formation, charge transfer kinetics, solid-state transport resistance) remain underexplored.

This study focuses on commercially available hard carbon materials to develop:

1. A thermal-electrochemical model of Na-ion coin half-cells to explain rate performance at various temperatures.
2. A capacity fade model for hard carbon electrodes, capturing SEI growth and structural degradation.