Introduction to biosystems: microorganisms, molecules, genetics, recombinant DNA systems. Principles of enzyme catalysis: enzyme kinetics, enzyme inhibition, enzyme and cell immobilization. Microbial growth and production: stoichiometry, energetics, unstructured and structured models, flux analyses, control analysis. Bioreactors: CSTR, PFR, fed batch, gas-liquid mass transfer, power requirements, control, data acquisition, sterilization, high-cell density cultivation. Separation methods: centrifugation, filtration, ultrafiltration, precipitation, chromatography, and electrophoresis. Other topics: bioinformatics, new classes of molecules, manufacturing, regulatory issues, and economic analyses.